Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in infants, young children, and the elderly.Two subtypes of RSV, A and B, circulate alternately at 1-2-year intervals during epidemics.The attachment glycoprotein (G protein) of RSV is one of the major targets for immune responses.
In Investigating the effect of context factors on the effectiveness of brand placement in movies this study, we generated a recombinant fusion protein, GcfAB, which consists of the central regions (a.a.residues 131-230) of the G proteins of both RSV A (A2 strain) and B (B1 strain) subtypes, and investigated immunogenicity, protective efficacy, and immunopathology.
We immunized mice with GcfAB plus cholera toxin as a mucosal adjuvant via intranasal (IN) or sublingual (SL) routes.The IN group showed higher levels of RSV G-specific antibody responses, including serum IgG and mucosal IgA, compared with the SL group.On the contrary, more vigorous RSV G-specific CD4+ T-cell responses were elicited in the SL group than in the IN group after RSV-A but not RSV-B viral challenge.
Furthermore, the SL group showed more pulmonary eosinophil recruitment and body weight loss than did the IN group Ecology of parasites of Metynnis lippincottianus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) from the eastern Amazon region, Macapá, State of Amapá, Brazil after RSV-A challenge.Both IN and SL immunization with GcfAB provided potential protection against both subtypes of infections.Together, these results suggest that vaccination with GcfAB via an IN route could be a universal vaccine regimen preventing both RSV A and B infections.